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Basque etymology : Search within this database Total of 663 records 34 pages
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1 20 1 \data\sinocauc\basqet
Proto-Basque: *sul
Meaning: wood, timber, lumber
Bizkaian: zur, (Arratia, Orozko) zul
Gipuzkoan: zur
High Navarrese: zur
Low Navarrese: zur
Salazarese: zur
Lapurdian: zur
Baztanese: zur
Aezkoan: zur
Zuberoan: zur
Roncalese: zũr
Comments: Primary form was originally *sul, with definite article *sul-a, which regularly became /sura/, from which a new base form /sur/ developed, written zur , except in parts of BZK, which retained /sul/ = zul.
Proto-Basque: *sumhV
Meaning: 1 a kind of elm tree 2 grove 3 a kind of willow or osier 4 a kind of oak (kermes)
Bizkaian: zumar 1, zumetz 3, zumalakar 3, zumel 4
Gipuzkoan: zumar 1, zumaldi 2, zumalikar, zumalakar 3,
High Navarrese: zumar 1, zumalakar 3, (Narbarte) zuar 1, zumarika 3
Low Navarrese: zuhar 1, zumarika 3
Salazarese: zugar 1, basa-zume 3, ur-zume 3
Lapurdian: zuhar 1, zumarika, zumelika, zumalakar 3, (Ainhoa) basa-zume 3
Baztanese: zuar 1
Zuberoan: zǘnhar 1, zume 3
Roncalese: basa-zume 3, ur-zume 3
Proto-Basque: *sunda
Meaning: 1 odor, stench 2 sniff(ing), smell(ing) 3 burnt (smell and taste)
Bizkaian: sunda 1, (Txorierri) zunda 1, (Arratia, Gernika, Markina) gar-zunda 3
Comments: The probable PEC cognate is *s HwinṭV ‘snuff, smell, snot’, to which we would expect Bsq *sund -. Note that /s/ and /ś/ have merged in most of BZK. Azkue cites the compounds lizun-sunda 'moldy smell' (as in a long-closed room), izerdi-sunda 'odor of sweat', zunda dabil 's/he goes about sniffing'.
Proto-Basque: *suri
Meaning: white
Bizkaian: zuri
Gipuzkoan: zuri
High Navarrese: zuri
Low Navarrese: zuri
Salazarese: zuri
Lapurdian: zuri
Baztanese: zuri
Aezkoan: zuri
Zuberoan: zúri
Roncalese: zuri
Comments: The expressive palatal variant xuri /šuri/ is also widespread, esp. in the East (BNV,LAB, ZBR) = GIP txuri /čuri/. In some dialects the expressive form has supplanted the unmarked form in everyday use.
Proto-Basque: *-sur̄in (in *gult-sur̄in)
Meaning: kidney
Bizkaian: kuntzurrun, guntzurrun, (Araba) gultzurrun
Gipuzkoan: gultzurrin, gultzurdun, gultzurdin, geltzurrin, giltzurrin
High Navarrese: giltzurdin, gultxurrun, (Lezaka) giltzurrin, (Esteribar) giltzurrun
Low Navarrese: giltzurdin, (Aldude) giltzurrin
Salazarese: giltzurrin, giltzurrun, giltzurdin
Lapurdian: geltzurrin, giltzurrin
Baztanese: gultxurrin
Zuberoan: gültzürrün
Roncalese: giltzurrin, beltzarrún, beltzurrún, beltxurrin, (Uztárroz) beltzurrin
Comments: A bewildering array of variants, of which we think the first element is originally *gult- (q.v.) = PEC *k wɨlṭV . There are several secondary ‘folk-etymological’ associations with *urdin ‘blue, gray’, *gilc ‘joint’, and *belc ‘black’ (q.v.).
Proto-Basque: *susen, *sin
Meaning: 1 right, correct 2 right(s), justice 3 oath 4 true, faithful
Bizkaian: zuzen 1
Gipuzkoan: zuzen 1, zin 3
High Navarrese: zuzen 1, 2
Low Navarrese: zuzen 1, 2, zin 3
Lapurdian: zuzen 1, 2, zin 3, 4
Zuberoan: zǘzen 1, 2, zĩn 3
Roncalese: zuzen 1
Comments: The root *sin is also found in the verb *sin-eući 'to believe' (EB sinetsi ).
Proto-Basque: *śuś-ke-r̄
Meaning: lizard
Bizkaian: muskar, musker
Gipuzkoan: muskar, musker
Low Navarrese: suskandela
Salazarese: musker
Lapurdian: musker, (arc) {xuxquerrua} /šušker̄ua/
Zuberoan: sǘsker, süskhándera
Roncalese: musker
Comments: Analyzed here as root *śuś - (= PNC *čVrčV / *č̣Vrč̣V 'lizard, snake, worm') + diminutive/expressive *-ke + fossilized plural marker *-r̄. Some of the Bsq forms also have an expressive prefix *m =. For *kandela , see *linda(ra) 'lizard'.
Proto-Basque: *śuśt(V)r(V)
Meaning: 1 root 2 stubble (of crops) 3 sting, prick (of snake) 4 foundation, origin
Bizkaian: sustrai, zustrai 1, sustar, suster 1, 2, 3
Gipuzkoan: sustrai 1, 4
High Navarrese: sustrai 1
Comments: A western Bsq isogloss. Cf. sirats 'nerve, vein, tendon' (Trask 1995; not in Azkue with this meaning). The BZK form zustrai is anomalous (not having the usual assimilation of sibilants) - influenced by *sul 'wood, tree'?
Proto-Basque: *susun
Meaning: aspen, poplar
Bizkaian: zuzun
Comments: Cf. PNC *swɨ̆nē 'barberry, currants', reduplicated in Bsq *susun (cf. Lak sus < *suns ). The Bsq-NC semantic commonality is ‘tree or shrub with berries’: Populus bears brown or reddish male fruit (catkins).
Proto-Basque: *sutik
Meaning: (be) erect, standing (with auxiliary verb)
Bizkaian: zutik
Gipuzkoan: zutik
High Navarrese: xutik
Low Navarrese: xutik
Lapurdian: xutik
Zuberoan: xüti
Roncalese: zutik
Proto-Basque: *tak-
Meaning: heel (of shoe)
Bizkaian: takoi
Gipuzkoan: takoi
Lapurdian: takoin
Comments: *tak-hoin is a compound with *hoin 'foot', thus originally 'back of foot'. Span. tacón and Port. tacão have no Latin etymology and likely come from Vasconic.
Proto-Basque: *tako, *taket
Meaning: 1 stake, post 2 circular piece of wood
Bizkaian: taket 1, tako 2
Gipuzkoan: taket 1
High Navarrese: taket 1
Comments: Aulestia & White cite taket 'stake, wedge, block, chock, stopper' (adj. 'stupid'); tako 'wedge, block, chock, stopper'. Spanish taco is of obscure origin, probably < Vasconic.
Proto-Basque: *tala
Meaning: twig, young branch
Low Navarrese: tara, talika
Zuberoan: talika
Proto-Basque: *tanka ~ *tanko
Meaning: 1 drop (of liquid) 2 a little (bit) 3 a moment
Bizkaian: (Arratia, Orozko, Txorierri) tanga 1, (Arratia, Orozko) tanka 2, (Arratia, Galdakano, Mundaka) tango 2, (Arratia, Galdakano) 3
Zuberoan: tanka 1
Roncalese: (Uztárroz) tanka 1
Comments: A relic etymon, preserved only at the western (BZK) and eastern (ZBR, RNC) peripheries.
Proto-Basque: *tanta ~ *tanto
Meaning: 1 drop (of liquid) 2 dripping, drop-by-drop 3 dung pellets (as of goats) 4 gutter, eaves-trough
Bizkaian: tanta 1, tantaka 2
Gipuzkoan: tanto 1, tantaka 2, (Burunda) tanta 1
High Navarrese: tantaka 2
Low Navarrese: (Hazparren, Garazi) tanto 3
Lapurdian: (Ainhoa) tanto 3
Baztanese: tanta 1
Roncalese: tanto 3
Proto-Basque: *tantai
Meaning: 1 wild tree 2 large log or branch 3 mast (of a ship)
Bizkaian: tantai 1
Gipuzkoan: tantai 1, 2, 3
High Navarrese: tantai 1, 2, 3
Low Navarrese: tantai 1
Lapurdian: tantai 1
Proto-Basque: *tini
Meaning: 1 top, summit (of hill, mountain) 2 tip, extremity (e.g. of maize) 3 treetop
Low Navarrese: thin 1, thini 2, (Amikuse) thini 1
Zuberoan: thini 1, 2, 3
Proto-Basque: *tintV
Meaning: 1 uvula 2 glands hanging from a goat 3 earring
Lapurdian: tintola 1, tintilla 2
Roncalese: tintilla 2, 3
Comments: Note the similar expressive suffixes, e.g. Bezhta ṭoṭi-lo 'pimple' ~ Bsq tinto-la 'uvula', etc.
Proto-Basque: *ti-pi, *ti-n-
Meaning: 1 small, little 2 a little 3 a tiny bit
Bizkaian: tin-gi 2, tintin 3
Low Navarrese: (Amikuse) ttipi 1
Lapurdian: txipi 1, (Ainhoa) tipi 1
Baztanese: tipi, ttipi 1
Zuberoan: ttipi, txipi, xipi 1
Comments: See the note to *čiki.
Proto-Basque: *tor-to
Meaning: bud (of a flower); compact bunch or cluster of roots or branches
Bizkaian: torto
Comments: Analyzed here as root *tor̄ - (cf. Lezgi ṭur 'bud, twig, pimple') + [diminutive] *-to. Cf. Bsq *laś-to 'straw', *ɦorś-to 'leaf'.
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Total of 663 records 34 pages
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